Admission Test for Dental Hygiene (ATDH) Practice

What effect does plaque accumulation have on gingival health?

1. It provides protection

2. It leads to inflammation

3. It prevents tooth decay

4. It strengthens the gums

The correct answer is: It leads to inflammation

Plaque accumulation significantly impacts gingival health by leading to inflammation, which is primarily evident in the condition known as gingivitis. When plaque, a sticky film of bacteria, builds up on the teeth and along the gum line, it triggers an immune response from the body. This response results in inflammation of the gums, characterized by redness, swelling, and bleeding, especially during brushing or flossing. If plaque is not regularly removed through proper oral hygiene practices, the inflammation can progress to more severe periodontal diseases. Understanding the process of plaque formation and its consequences is crucial for maintaining oral health. In contrast, the other choices do not accurately reflect the relationship between plaque and gingival health. Plaque does not provide protection; rather, it creates an environment conducive to bacterial growth, which harms the gums. Additionally, while good oral hygiene can prevent tooth decay by removing plaque, plaque itself does not have this protective capability. Strengthening the gums is also incorrect, as plaque buildup negatively affects gum integrity and health.