What does the term "biofilm" refer to in dental hygiene?

The term "biofilm" specifically refers to a layer of bacteria that forms on dental surfaces, making option C the correct answer. In the context of dental hygiene, biofilms are complex communities of microorganisms that adhere to surfaces in the oral cavity, such as teeth and gums. These biofilms can create challenges for maintaining oral health, as they are involved in the development of dental plaque, which can lead to cavities and periodontal disease if not properly managed through regular dental hygiene practices.

Understanding biofilms is crucial for dental hygiene professionals, as they need to develop effective strategies for preventing and disrupting biofilm formation to maintain optimal oral health in patients. This informs the importance of regular brushing, flossing, and professional cleanings, which help reduce the accumulation of harmful bacteria and maintain a healthy oral environment.