Admission Test for Dental Hygiene (ATDH) Practice

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What is the primary function of the nucleus in a cell?

Energy production
Protein synthesis
DNA storage
Lipid production

The correct answer is: DNA storage

The primary function of the nucleus in a cell centers around its role as the control center, particularly in relation to the genetic material. The nucleus houses the cell's DNA, which contains the instructions needed for the development, functioning, and reproduction of the organism. This storage is crucial because the DNA carries the genetic blueprint that guides all cellular activities, including growth and repair. While other cell components are responsible for energy production, protein synthesis, and lipid production, these processes are regulated by the nucleus. For instance, the nucleus generates messenger RNA (mRNA) through transcription of DNA, which is then translated into proteins at the ribosomes. Additionally, the nucleus plays an essential role in cell division by ensuring that DNA is accurately replicated and distributed to daughter cells. This centralization of genetic material management solidifies the nucleus's primary function as the repository of DNA in the cell.